(SHINE) No. 3 undulator (FEL-III) emits X-rays with energy range of 10-25 keV and corresponding wavelength of 0.1-0.05 nm. FEL-III use the following characteristics of hard X-ray free electron laser: (1) super peak brightness, (2) ultra-short pulse, (3) coherence, (4) SASE mode spectrum, and (5) atomic scale wavelength to establish single pulse X-ray diffraction, X-ray scattering and X-ray spectroscopy methodologies . The light beam shines on three experimental stations built in series: the hard X-ray ultrafast spectroscopy experimental station (HXS) located in Shaft #4, which is closest to the light source, and the serial crystallography experimental station (SFX) and the coherent diffraction experimental station multi-functional material imaging subsystem (CDE-IEM) located in Shaft #5 one kilometer behind.
The experimental platform of the Hard X-ray Ultrafast Spectroscopy Experiment Station (HXS) is the high energy resolution X-ray light in light out (PIPO) spectrometer , which can achieve femtosecond time resolution by using pump probe technology. The range of detectable elements covered from the K-edge of No. 31 gallium element to No. 46 palladium element, and the L-edge of No. 72 hafnium element to No. 97 berkelium element. It can observe the in-situ ultrafast process of energy or charge transfer after the photoexcitation, reveal the mechanisms of the photoinduced reactions in complex systems. The HXS experimental station can be applied to life, environmental and materials science, energy catalysis, and other multidisciplinary fields (see Figure 1 for the layout).
